Welfare Reform Act 2012

요약

The Welfare Reform Act 2012 introduced the most significant overhaul of the UK welfare system in decades. Its centrepiece is Universal Credit, a single monthly payment replacing six existing means-tested benefits. The Act also replaced Disability Living Allowance with Personal Independence Payment, introduced the benefit cap, reformed Housing Benefit with the 'spare room subsidy' (bedroom tax), and established the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission. It aimed to simplify the benefits system and ensure work always pays.

핵심 포인트

• Universal Credit — single payment replacing six benefits (Part 1)
• Claimant commitment — conditions for receiving Universal Credit including work search requirements (s.14)
• Sanctions regime for failure to comply with work-related requirements (ss.26–29)
• Benefit cap — limit on total household benefits for working-age claimants (s.96)
• Personal Independence Payment replacing Disability Living Allowance (Part 4)
• Under-occupation deduction ('bedroom tax') for social housing tenants (s.11)
• Council tax reduction schemes devolved to local authorities (s.33)
• Universal Credit replaces Income Support, JSA (income-based), ESA (income-related), Housing Benefit, Child Tax Credit, Working Tax Credit (Part 1)
• Claimant commitment: conditions for receiving UC (s.14)
• Sanctions for failure to meet work-related requirements (ss.26–29)
• Personal Independence Payment replaces DLA for working-age adults (Part 4)
• Benefit cap: limit on total benefits a household can receive (s.96)
• Universal Credit replaces six legacy benefits
• Benefit cap limits total household benefits
• Personal Independence Payment replaces DLA for adults
• Work capability assessments for ESA/UC

편과 조

개정 이력