난민·망명법
난민협약, 망명 절차 및 안전한 제3국 규칙.
소개
Refugee and asylum law protects individuals fleeing persecution. The 1951 Refugee Convention defines refugees. Claims are decided by the Home Office with appeals to the First-tier Tribunal. Recent legislation (Nationality and Borders Act 2022, Illegal Migration Act 2023) significantly reformed the system.
핵심 원칙
Refugee Definition — Well-founded fear of persecution on grounds of race, religion, nationality, social group, or political opinion.
Non-Refoulement — A state must not return a person to face persecution or torture.
Asylum Procedure — Claims to the Home Office; interviews; appeals to First-tier Tribunal.
Safe Third Country — Persons travelling through safe countries may have claims deemed inadmissible.
Illegal Migration Act 2023 — Duty to remove persons arriving illegally, with limited exceptions.
핵심 법령
일반적인 시나리오
Asylum claim refused
Appeal to the First-tier Tribunal for a full re-hearing. Further appeal to the Upper Tribunal on a point of law.