AI ਅਤੇ ਟੈਕਨਾਲੋਜੀ ਕਾਨੂੰਨ

UK GDPR & Automated Decision-Making — Article 22 restricts solely automated decision-making that produces legal or significant effects. Data subjects have the right not to be subject to such decisions and to obtain meaningful information about the logic involved.

Algorithmic Transparency — The UK Government's Algorithmic Transparency Standard requires public sector organisations to publish information about algorithmic tools used in decision-making.

AI Safety — The AI Safety Institute (established 2023) conducts evaluations of frontier AI models. The UK approach is 'pro-innovation' relying on existing regulators rather than new AI-specific legislation.

Intellectual Property & AI — Copyright in AI-generated works is uncertain. Under s.9(3) CDPA 1988, copyright in computer-generated works belongs to the person who made the arrangements for creation. The scope of this provision for modern generative AI is unclear.

Product Liability — AI systems causing harm may engage product liability under the Consumer Protection Act 1987, negligence under Donoghue v Stevenson principles, or sector-specific regulation.

Bias & Discrimination — AI systems that produce discriminatory outcomes may violate the Equality Act 2010. The ICO and EHRC have issued guidance on algorithmic fairness.

Online Safety Act 2023 — Imposes duties on platforms regarding illegal content, content harmful to children, and user empowerment, with Ofcom as the regulator.