Prawo planowania przestrzennego

Development — Planning permission is required for 'development' as defined in s.55 TCPA 1990: building operations, engineering operations, mining, or material change of use of land or buildings.

Permitted Development — The Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 2015 grants automatic planning permission for specified types of development (e.g., certain householder extensions) subject to conditions and limitations.

Material Considerations — In determining planning applications, the LPA must have regard to the development plan and any other material considerations (TCPA 1990, s.70(2)). Material considerations include national planning policy, traffic, design, environmental impact, and community views.

Development Plan — The statutory development plan includes Local Plans and Neighbourhood Plans. Applications must be determined in accordance with the plan unless material considerations indicate otherwise (TCPA 1990, s.38(6)).

Environmental Impact Assessment — Certain developments require an EIA under the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2017 before permission can be granted.

Enforcement — The LPA can take enforcement action against unauthorised development, including enforcement notices, stop notices, and injunctions. There is generally a 4-year time limit for breaches involving building works and a 10-year limit for changes of use.

Planning Appeals — Applicants can appeal to the Planning Inspectorate against refusal, non-determination, or conditions. Appeal methods include written representations, hearings, and public inquiries.

Listed Buildings and Conservation — The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 provides additional protections for buildings of special architectural or historic interest and conservation areas.