所有主题
司法审查
挑战公共机构决定、审查依据、救济和程序要求。
简介
司法审查允许法院监督公共机构决定的合法性。
核心原则
1
Three Grounds — Illegality, irrationality, and procedural impropriety (GCHQ [1985]).
2
Proportionality — Applied where fundamental rights are engaged (post-HRA 1998).
3
Standing — The applicant must have 'sufficient interest' (s.31(3) Senior Courts Act 1981).
4
Permission Stage — Claims must be arguable and brought within 3 months.
5
Remedies — Quashing orders, mandatory orders, prohibiting orders, declarations, injunctions.
6
Ouster Clauses — Courts resist attempts to exclude judicial review (Anisminic [1969]).
关键法规
Senior Courts Act 1981
1981
Human Rights Act 1998
1998
重要判例
常见情景
Council refuses planning permission unreasonably
If irrational or failing to consider material factors, judicial review may succeed. Planning JR must be issued within 6 weeks.